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mos integrated circuit m m m m pd16434 1/8, 1/16 duty lcd controller/driver document no. s10299ej4v0ds00 (4th edition) date published april 2000 ns cp(k) printed in japan data sheet 1994, 1999 the information in this document is subject to change without notice. before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. not all devices/types available in every country. please check with local nec representative for availability and additional information. the mark h h h h shows major revised points. description m pd16434 is lcd controller/driver containing the interfacing features for a dot-matrix mode 8-, 16-time division lcd and a microprocessor. m pd16434 contains a 5- by 7-dot matrix character generator corresponding to ascii/jis. therefore, user original patterns can be easily displayed. features dot matrix lcd controller/driver 8- or 16-time division drive possible with a single chip 8-time-division : 400 (50 by 8) dots 16-time-division : 672 (42 by 16) dots 8- or 16-time division drive possible with no chip 8-time-division : n 400 (50 by 8) dots 16-time-division : n 800 (50 by 16) dots display data storage ram : 20 50 8 bits programmer specified dot (graphic) display capable of alphanumeric and symbolic displays thorough built-in rom (5 by 7 dots) 160 characters parallel data input/output (switch able between 4 and 8 bits) cursor manipulation command upgraded version of m pd7228, m pd7228a, m pd7229, m pd7229a ordering information part number package m pd16434g-xxx-12 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) m pd16434g-001-12 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20), standard rom code m pd16434gf-xxx-3b9 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) note m pd16434gf-001-3b9 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20), standard rom code note note this package is only available in european market. h h
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 2 m m m m pd16434 pin configuration (top view) m pd16434g-xxx-12 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) m pd16434gf-xxx-3b9 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) 1 c38 2 c39 3 c40 4 c41 5 c42/r15 6 c43/r14 7 c44/r13 8 c45/r12 9 c46/r11 10 c47/r10 11 c48/r9 12 c49/r8 13 r15/r7 14 r14/r6 15 r13/r5 16 r12/r4 17 r11/r3 18 r10/r2 19 r9/r1 20 r8/r0 21 v lc5 22 v lc1 23 nc 24 v lc4 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 c21 c20 c19 c18 c17 c16 c15 c14 c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 c8 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2 c1 c0 nc clock 80 c37 79 c36 78 c35 77 c34 76 c33 75 c32 74 c31 73 c30 72 c29 71 c28 70 c27 69 c26 68 c25 67 c24 66 c23 65 c22 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 v lc2 v lc3 d0/si d1(p, /s) d2(cae) d3/so sync /busy v dd v ss /stb, /sck c, /d ca0 ca1 /cs reset remark /xxx indicates active low signal. h
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 3 m m m m pd16434 block diagram row driver 8 16 r0/r8 to r7/r15 row/column driver 8 16 r8/c49 to r15/c42 8 column driver 42 c0 to c41 16 r-s r-ns c-s c-ns 42 data memory bank 0 (50 x 8 bits) data memory bank 1 (50 x 8 bits) 16 50 50 r-s r-ns c-s c-ns lcd voltage control v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 v ss sync lcd timing control 16 clock buffer system clock control clock stop command decoder data pointer character generator (160 x 5 x 7 bits) 88 /cs ca1 ca0 c, /d /busy /stb, /sck d3/so d2(cae) d1(p, /s) d0/si reset serial/parallel interface 8 8 8 7
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 4 m m m m pd16434 table of contents 1. pin functions 1.1 d0 to d3 (data bus) 3-state input/output ...... 1.2 si (serial data in) also serves as d0 input ... 1.3 so (serial data out) also serves as d3 output ... 1.4 p, /s (parallel/serial select) also serves as d1 input 1.5 cae (chip address enable) also serves as d2 input 1.6 ca0, ca1 (chip address) input 1.7 /cs (chip select) input ... 1.8 /stb, /sck (strobe/serial clock) input .. 1.9 c, /d (command/data) input . 1.10 /busy (busy) 3-state output .. 1.11 sync (synchronous) 3-state input/output . 1.12 c0 to c41 (column) output .... 1.13 r8/c49 to r15/c42 (row/column) output ...... 1.14 r0/r8 to r7/r15 (row) output ... 1.15 v lc1 to v lc5 (lcd drive voltage supply) input .. 1.16 clock (clock) input 1.17 reset (reset) input . 1.18 v dd ... 1.19 v ss ... 2. internal block functions .. 2.1 serial/parallel interface ... 2.2 command decoder .. 2.3 character generator 2.4 data pointer 2.5 data memory .. 2.6 lcd voltage control circuit .. 2.7 lcd timing control circuit 2.8 row/column driver .. 3. data input/output operation 4. selecting m m m m pd16434 interface function with cpu 4.1 functions of shared pins 4.2 chip address selection function . 5. lcd drive reference voltage supply .. 5.1 supplying lcd drive reference voltage by resistor network 5.2 reduction in current consumption by reset signal 6. display examples .. 7. standby mode .. 7.1 clearing standby mode .. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 14 15 19 19 19 21 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 35 35
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 5 m m m m pd16434 7.2 stopping clock supply and retaining data at low voltage in standby mode . 8. reset operation .. 9. commands 9.1 lcd display mode setting commands ... 9.2 data pointer load command . 9.3 data processing mode setting commands 9.4 memory bit manipulation commands .. 9.5 standby operation setting command . 10. system configuration example .. 11. electrical specification . 12. package drawings ... 13. recommended soldering conditions .. 36 38 40 40 42 42 45 47 48 49 60 62
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 6 m m m m pd16434 1. pin functions 1.1 d0 to d3 (data bus) 3-state input/output in the parallel interface mode, these pins serve as 4-bit parallel data input/output pins. data on the d0 to d3 lines is read at the /stb signal rising edge. the 4-bit data, read at the first rising edge of the /stb, is loaded into the upper 4 bits of the serial/parallel register, and the data read at the second rising edge is loaded into the lower 4 bits of the register. the serial/parallel register contents are output to the d0 to d3 pins in synchronization with the /stb signal falling edge. in the same manner as read operation, the upper 4 bits of the serial/parallel register are output in the first /stb signal falling edge, and the lower 4bits are output in the second /stb falling edge. in the serial interface mode, the d0 serves as the serial data input pin (si), and the d3 pin serves as the serial data output pin (so). the d1 pin serves as the parallel/serial interface mode selection pin (p, /s), and the d2 pin serves as the chip address enable pin (cae). 1.2 si (serial data in) also serves as d0 input this pin serves as the serial data input pin in the serial interface mode. data on the si line is loaded into the serial/parallel register at the /sck rising edge. the first data becomes the msb. this is a schmitt trigger input with hysteresis, in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.3 so (serial data out) also serves as d3 output this pin serves as the serial data output pin in the serial interface mode. the serial/parallel register contents are output to the so pin with the msb first in synchronization with the /sck pin falling edge. 1.4 p, /s (parallel/serial select) also serves as d1 input this pin is sampled at the reset signal falling edge (when the reset is released). if this pin is high, the parallel interface mode is set. if it is low, the serial interface mode is set. this is a schmitt trigger input with hysteresis in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.5 cae (chip address enable) also serves as d2 input the cae input has a meaning, if p, /s input is low (when the serial interface mode is specified) at the reset signal falling edge (when reset is released). if the cae signal is high at this timing, the chip address function is enabled. if the cae signal is low, the chip address function is disabled. this is a schmitt trigger input with hysteresis in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.6 ca0, ca1 (chip address) input this is the input pin used to allocate the inherent address to select each m pd16434 chip, when interfacing with the cpu in a multi-chip configuration. in the parallel interface mode, ca0 and ca1 inputs are compared with the chip address information sent from the cpu, regardless of the cae input. in the serial interface mode, these inputs are compared with the chip address information sent from the cpu, when the chip address selection function is enabled by the cae input.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 7 m m m m pd16434 table 1 C 1. processing ca1, ca0 pins mode ca1, ca0 with chip address function - always in parallel mode - when cae = 1 in serial mode set to 00, 01, 10, or 11 (always 00 in single chip configuration) without chip address function - when cae = 0 in serial mode always set to 00 remark in a multi-chip configuration in the serial interface mode, chip selection is also possible by providing decoded /cs signals for the number of chips used, without using the chip address function. in this case, cae for each chip must be set to 0, and ca1 and ca0 pins must be set to 00. these are schmitt trigger inputs with hysteresis in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.7 /cs (chip select) input this is the chip select input, which is low active. when the chip address function is not used, if a low is input to the /cs input, the /stb, /sck and c, /d inputs become effective, so that commands and data can be input/output. when the chip address function is used, in order for the /stb, /sck and c, /d inputs to become effective, the chip address information and ca0 and ca1 inputs must coincide, and moreover, the /cs input should become low. when the /cs input is set to high, d3-d0 and /busy pins unconditionally become high impedance. this is a schmitt trigger input with hysteresis in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.8 /stb, /sck (strobe/serial clock) input in the parallel interface mode, this pin serves as the strobe signal input pin (stb) for 4-bit parallel data input/output operation. in the serial interface mode, this pin serves as the serial clock input pin (/sck) for serial data input/output operation. 1.9 c, /d (command/data) input this pin is used to identify whether serial or parallel data input is a command or data. when inputting a command, set the c, /d pin to high. when inputting data, set to low. when inputting a command or data in the parallel interface mode, the command or data is latched at the second /stb rising edge. in the serial interface mode, the command or data is latched at the rising edge of the 8th /sck. however, in parallel input, switching c, /d must be performed, before the falling edge of the 1st /stb. when outputting data, c, /d input must always be set to low, regardless of whether the mode is parallel or serial. this is a schmitt trigger input with hysteresis in order to prevent erroneous operation caused by noise. 1.10 /busy (busy) 3-state output this pin outputs a /busy signal which indicates to the cpu that the m pd16434 is busy because of internal processing. if this signal is low, m pd16434 is busy, and the cpu cannot execute read/write to the m pd16434. the /busy signal becomes low at second rising of the /stb signal in the parallel interface mode. in the serial interface mode, the /busy signal becomes low at the rising edge of the 8th /sck. the m pd16434 sets the /busy signal to high, when the m pd16434 completes the internal processing. the /busy output becomes high impedance, when the chip is not selected (/cs = high or the chip address does not coincide).
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 8 m m m m pd16434 1.11 sync (synchronous) 3-state input/output in a multi-chip configuration, in which the row drive signal is commonly used, this pin inputs/outputs the synchronous signal in order to synchronize the phases of all lcd drive alternate cycle signals (row/column signals) with the frame period. one chip in the multi-chip configuration is selected as the master, and the sync pin of the master is set to the output mode. the remaining chips all serve as slave chips, and these sync pins are set to the input mode. the smm command is used to specify whether the pin functions as an input or output pin. the master chip, set in the output mode, outputs the sync pulse in the last cycle in each frame. a slave chip reads the sync pulse output from the master chip for synchronization with the master chip. figure 1-1 and figure 1-2 show sync pulse output timing waveforms in 8-time-division and 16-time-division modes, respectively. in single chip configuration, the sync pin can be set in either the input or output mode. however, when it is set in the input mode, the sync pin must be fixed to v ss . if it is set in the output mode, the sync pin must be left open. figure 1C1. sync signal in 8-time-division mode 1 frame row0 sync figure 1C2. sync signal in 16-time-division mode row0 sync 1 frame
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 9 m m m m pd16434 1.12 c0 to c41 (column) output these pins serve as lcd column drive signal output pins. 1.13 r8/c49 to r15/c42 (row/column) output these pins serve as lcd row drive signals r8 to r15 or column drive signals c49 to c42 output pins. whether or not these pins are used as row or column pins is specified by the smm command. 1.14 r0/r8 to r7/r15 (row) output these pins serve as lcd row drive signals r0 to r7 or r8 to r15. whether or not these pins are used as r0 to r7 or r8 to r15 is specified by the smm command. 1.15 v lc1 to v lc5 (lcd drive voltage supply) input these pins input the reference voltage for determining the lcd row/column drive signal voltage level. 1.16 clock (clock) input this pin inputs the external clock. 1.17 reset (reset) input this is the high active reset signal input pin. the reset operation has priority over all other operations. this input is also used for cleaning the standby mode or operation to retain data in the data memory at a low power supply voltage. 1.18 v dd positive voltage power supply pin. 1.19 v ss ground pin.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 10 m m m m pd16434 2. internal block functions 2.1 serial/parallel interface the m pd16434 contains both serial and parallel interface functions. whether the serial interface or the parallel interface is used is determined by whether the p, /s input is high (specifying the parallel interface) or low (specifying the serial interface) at the reset signal falling edge. the interface circuit is used to write commands and data from the cpu or output data to the cpu. the operation of the serial/parallel interface differs, depending on the data processing mode setting. when a reset is input, the data processing mode is initialized to the write mode, so that the first command input can be accepted. afterwards, the mode can be set to write related or read related data processing mode by the data processing set command. if the data processing mode is set to the write, and, or, or the character write related mode, the serial/parallel interface is set to the data input mode, and the m pd16434 clocks in the data from the si pin (serial data) or from the d3 to d0 pins (4-bit parallel data) in synchronization with the rising edge of the /sck or the /stb, respectively. if the data processing mode is set to the read mode, the serial/parallel interface becomes the data output mode and outputs data from the so pin (serial data) or from the d3 to d0 pins (4-bit parallel data) in synchronization with the falling edge of the /sck or the /stb. the serial/parallel register serves as the buffer, between 8-bit serial data or two 4-bit parallel data transferred through the serial input/output (si, so) or parallel input/output (d3 to d0) and 8-bit parallel data of the data memory. figure 2C1. serial/parallel interface /stb' read/write control reset /cs ca0,ca1 c, /d /busy /stb, /sck data control d0/si d3/so d1(p, /s) d2(cae) /sck' si' 8-bit serial/parallel register bit 0-3 4 bit 4-7 4 8 internal bus so'
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 11 m m m m pd16434 if the c, /d input indicates command specifications, the data input from the cpu to the serial/parallel interface is sent from the serial/parallel register to the command decoder for decoding. in the write mode, if the c, /d input indicates data specifications, the data loaded to the serial/parallel register is directly transferred to the data memory. in the and or or mode, the data loaded into the serial/parallel register is anded or ored with the data memory contents, and the result is transferred to the data memory. in the character mode, the data loaded into the serial/parallel register is regarded as ascii or jis code and is sent to the character generator. it is decoded to 5 7-bit character display pattern, and is stored into 5 successive data memory addresses. only when set to the read mode, can the serial/parallel interface output data to the cpu. when set to the read mode, the serial/parallel interface always reads 8-bit data from the data memory and sets it in the serial/parallel register for the next read operation. in the serial interface mode, the data in the serial/parallel register is output from the so pin with the msb first at each /sck falling edge. in the parallel interface mode, the upper 4 bits of the data in the serial/parallel register are output from the d3 to d0 pins at the first falling edge of the /stb, and the lower 4 bits of the data in the serial/parallel register are output from those pins at the second falling edge of the /stb. in either the serial/parallel interface mode, each time 8 bits of data are output, the next 8 bits of data are automatically read out from the data memory and set in the serial/parallel register. 2.2 command decoder if the 8-bit data, input through the serial/parallel interface, is specified as a command (c, /d = 1), the data is clocked in as a command, and is decoded to generate an internal control signal. 2.3 character generator the character generator becomes effective, when a character mode setting command (scml, scmr) is executed. in this case, 8-bit data written through the serial/parallel interface is interpreted as a character code, and the 5 7-dot matrix pattern, corresponding to the code, will be generated. it is transferred to the 5 successive addresses in the data memory (7 bits 5 times). the character generator contains the following 160 different pattern data : ascii jis upper-case alphabets 26 katakana 55 lower-case alphabets 26 symbols 9 numerical characters 10 symbols 34 figure 2C2 shows correspondence of character codes (ascii/jis) and 5 dots 7 dots display patterns. 96 codes of 20h to 7fh correspond to ascii characters, and a0h to dfh correspond to jis characters.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 12 m m m m pd16434 figure 2 C 2. character codes and display pattern (standard rom code: 001) 7403 character code 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 13 m m m m pd16434 figure 2C3 shows the lcd configuration for the character generator. a character is configured in 5 7-dot configuration. the most significant bit (bit 7) of the data memory is not used by the character generator. therefore, lcd dots, corresponding to the most significant bit (r7 in 8-time-division, or r7 and r15 in 16-time-division), can be used for the cursor or indicator display pattern, independently from the character generator. the most significant bits are manipulated by a cursor manipulation command (wrcurs, clcurs), etc. figure 2C3. lcd configuration when using character generator r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 c n+4 c n+2 c n c n+3 c n+1 (b) 16-time-division r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 c n+4 c n+2 c n c n+3 c n+1 (a) 8-time-division
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 14 m m m m pd16434 2.4 data pointer the data pointer consists of a 6-bit binary counter (dp5 to dp0) and 1-bit bank flag (bnkf). it specifies the data memory address. figure2C4. data pointer organization bnkf dp5 dp4 dp3 dp2 dp1 dp0 6-bit binary counter the contents of the bank flag and the 6-bit binary counter are set simultaneously by the immediate data from the ldpi command. the bank flag contents specify the data memory bank (bnkf=0 : bank 0, bnkf=1 : bank 1), and the 6-bit binary counter contents specify the address (00h to 31h) in the bank specified by the bank flag. the 6-bit binary counter is an up/down counter. its contents are modified (+1, - 1, or held) each time a read, write, or and operation is performed, or an 8-bit data is input/output in the or mode, according to the specifications for each mode setting command. when the bset or breset command is executed, the 6-bit binary counter contents are modified (+1, - 1, or held) each time according to the command specification. in addition, in the character mode, the 6-bit binary counter contents are modified (+5, - 5) each time an 8-bit data is input or a cursor processing command is executed. remark the 6-bit binary counter value can exceed the limit of the data memory address space. for example, if the 6-bit binary counter is decremented ( - 1) from 00h, the value will be 3fh, or it is incremented (+1) from 31h, the value will be 32h. however, the data memory will perform nothing for the command specifying an address from 32h to 3fh.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 15 m m m m pd16434 2.5 data memory the data memory is a static ram configured by two 50-word 8-bit banks. it is used for storing display data. figure 2C5. data memory configuration bank 0 (50 x 8) bank 1 (50 x 8) 00h 31h 00h 31h the data memory bank is specified by the bank flag in the data pointer, and the address in the bank is specified by the 6-bit binary counter in the data pointer. the 8-bit data, written to the serial/parallel interface by the cpu, is used for operation or decoded according to the specified data processing mode, and is written into the data memory. the data memory contents can be directly manipulated by a bit manipulation instruction. when the m pd16434 is set in the read mode, the data memory contents are output to the cpu through the serial/parallel interface. the data memory contents are read out in bit units in synchronization with the row drive signal and are sent to the column driver for driving the lcd. this operation is performed independently from command/data write/read operation with the cpu, which is performed through the serial/parallel interface. display data read out operation differs, depending on the number of time-divisions. (1) 8-time-division (single/multi-chip configuration) the contents of the display data in bank 0 or bank 1, whichever is specified by the smm command, are read out to the column driver. figure 2C6 shows bits correspondence for the row driver and column driver for the data memory. if the data located at the rn and cm intersection is 1, the corresponding lcd dot is on. if the data is 0, the dot is off.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 16 m m m m pd16434 figure 2 C 6. data memory (8-time-division, single/multi-chip) r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 31h 30h c49 c48 01h 00h c1 c0 bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 corresponding row signal to column driver
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 17 m m m m pd16434 (2) 16-time-division (single-chip configuration) bank 0 and bank 1 are used in a pair, and the contents are read out to the column driver as 42 16-bit display data. figure 2C7 shows correspondence of bits for the row driver and column driver for the data memory. if the data located at the rn and cm intersection is 1, the corresponding lcd dot is on. if the data is 0, the dot is off. figure 2C7. data memory (16-time-division, single-chip) r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 c41 c40 c1 c0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 corresponding row signal r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 29h 28h 01h 00h bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to colmn driver bank 0 bank 1
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 18 m m m m pd16434 (3) 16-time-division (multi-chip configuration) bank 0 and bank 1 are used in a pair, and the contents are read out to the column driver as 50 16-bit display data. the row driver signals, output from each m pd16434, are r0 to r7 or r8 to r15. figure 2C8 shows bits correspondence for the row driver and column driver for the data memory for each chip. figure 2C8. data memory (16-time-division, multi-chip) r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 c49 c48 c1 c0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 corresponding row signal r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 31h 30h 01h 00h bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 to colmn driver bank 0 bank 1
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 19 m m m m pd16434 2.6 lcd voltage control circuit this circuit multiplexes the dc voltage supplied from the lcd drive reference voltage inputs (v lc1 to v lc5 ) with the ac signal synchronized with the clock and sync signal, and supplies the signals to determine the select and non-select level of the row and column signals and the phase for the row and column drivers. table 2C1 indicates these signal levels and the phase. table 2C1. lcd driver voltage signal levels and phase 8-time-divisions 16-time-divisions C+C+ row select v lc0 v lc5 v lc0 v lc5 non-select v lc4 v lc1 v lc4 v lc1 column select v lc5 v lc0 v lc5 v lc0 non-select v lc2 note v lc2 v lc3 v lc2 note v lc2 = v lc3 2.7 lcd timing control circuit this circuit generates the timing signals from the clock signal, according to the frame frequency specified by the sff command, and the number of time divisions specified by the smm command. the timing signals are necessary for automatically reading the display data and driving the lcd, and are supplied to the data memory row/column driver, and lcd voltage control circuit. if the sync signal is set to the output mode by the smm command, the sync signal is output for each frame. if the sync mode is specified to the input mode, the sync signal supplied from some other chip is input to generate the timing signals in synchronization with each frame interval. the sync signal input/output function is used to synchronize the lcd drive timing between chips in multi-chip configuration. 2.8 row/column driver the row/column driver consists of the column driver for c0 to c41 signals, row/column driver for r15 to r8 and c42 to c49, and a dual mode row driver for r0 to r7 or r8 to r15. the dual mode row driver function is determined by the smm command.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 20 m m m m pd16434 table 2C2. lcd dual mode row driver function selection m 2 , m 1 , m 0 note 1 number of time divisions r0/r8 to r7/r15 r15/c42 to r8/c49 000 8 r0 to r7 c42 to c49 001 010 011 100 16 r8 to r15 note 2 101 110 r0 to r7 note 3 111 r15 to r8 notes 1. m 2 , m 1 , m 0 is code specified by smm command. 2. some other chip handles r0 to r7 outputs. 3. some other chip handles r8 to r15 outputs. m 2 , m 1 , m 0 = 111 is for single chip configuration. in this case, r15/c42 to r8/c49 are used as row signal outputs, and all 16 row signals are output from this chip. these drivers perform switching of the analog level in correspondence to the contents of the display data read out from the data memory and the timing signals supplied from the lcd timing control circuit, according to the select level, non-select level, and phase supplied from the lcd voltage control circuit, and generates and outputs row and column driver signals in order to directly drive the lcd.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 21 m m m m pd16434 3. data input/output operation in the m pd16434, a command/data consists of 1 byte (8 bits), and processing is performed each time a byte of data is transferred in either the serial or parallel mode. the end of a byte data transfer is confirmed by the byte counter (octal/binary counter) which counts eight /sck counts or two /stb counts. this counter is unconditionally cleared, when /cs = high or reset = high, and becomes ready to count a new byte or data. therefore, if /cs is set to high or reset is input in the middle of a byte transfer, the byte transfer is not guaranteed. in the serial interface mode, data is treated as 8-bit serial data. it is regarded that 1 byte of data has been input or output, when eight serial clock pulses (/sck) are counted in the chip selected condition, then internal processing is started. at the 8th rising edge of the /sck, the m pd16434 sets the /busy signal to low to inform the cpu that the m pd16434 is in a busy state. when the internal processing completes, the m pd16434 sets the /busy signal to high to inform the cpu that the m pd16434 is ready for the next byte transfer. the serial data is input/output with the msb first (refer to figure 3C1 and figure 3C2). if the chip address selection function is specified in the serial interface mode, the 8-bit serial data (only the lower 2 bits have a meaning) for chip address information must be written first after the /cs falling edge. only the chip, whose address coincides with this information, can enter command input or data input/output operation (refer to figure 3C3 and figure 3C4). in the parallel interface mode, since the data bus (d3 to d0) is a 4-bit bus, data is treated as 4-bit 2 parallel data. when the parallel data strobe signal (/stb) is counted twice in the chip selected state, it is regarded that a byte of data has been input/output, then the m pd16434 enters the internal processing. at the 2nd rising edge of the /stb, the m pd16434 sets the /busy signal to low, to inform the cpu that the m pd16434 is in a busy state. when the internal processing completes, the m pd16434 sets the /busy signal to high, to inform the cpu that the m pd16434 is ready for the next byte transfer. in both input and output operation, the upper 4 bits of parallel data correspond to the first /stb, and the lower 4 bits of parallel data correspond to the second /stb. the parallel interface of the m pd16434 is compatible with the m pd82c43 i/o expander, so that the parallel data can be input to the m pd16434 in the same manner as sending 4-bit data twice to the m pd82c43. in addition, 8-bit data can be read out from the serial/parallel register of the m pd16434 in the same way as reading 4-bit data twice from the m pd82c43. the chip address selection function is always specified in the parallel interface mode. after the /cs falling edge, the data on the d1 and d0 lines, read at the first falling edge of the /stb, becomes the chip address information. the lower 2 bits of the command code, output from the cpu as the data for selecting port 4 to port 7 of the m pd82c43, are used as the chip address information. after the /cs falling edge, the command code, output from the cpu at the second and successive falling edges of the /stb, has no meaning for the m pd16434 (refer to figure 3C5 and figure 3C6). refer to 4. selecting m m m m pd16434 interface function with cpu for details on chip address function selection.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 22 m m m m pd16434 figure 3C1. serial input timing waveforms (without chip address selection function) msb lsb internal processing time /cs sck si c, /d /busy / figure 3C2. serial output timing waveforms msb lsb internal processing time /cs /sck so c, /d /busy
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 23 m m m m pd16434 figure 3C3. serial input timing waveforms (with chip address selection function) /cs /sck si c, /d /busy to all chips to newly selected chip hi-z /busy output for selected chip chip address 7th 8th msb lsb same chip /busy output for newly selected chip /busy output for chip that was selected before /cs was set to high
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 24 m m m m pd16434 figure 3C4. serial output timing waveforms (with chip address selection function) /cs /sck si c, /d /busy to all chips from newly selected chip hi-z /busy output for selected chips /busy output for chip that was selected before /cs was set to high chip address 7th 8th msb lsb /busy output for newly selected chip so
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 25 m m m m pd16434 figure 3C5. parallel input timing /cs /stb /busy d3 to d0 c, /d 1st chip address upper 4 bits invalid data lower 4 bits cpu ? 16434 cpu ? 16434 cpu ? 16434 cpu ? 16434 2nd /busy output for chip that was selected before /cs was set to high /busy output for newly selected chip
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 26 m m m m pd16434 figure 3C6. parallel output timing /cs /stb d3 to d0 /busy c, /d 1st invalid data invalid data upper 4 bits lower 4 bits cpu ? 16434 16434 ? cpu cpu ? 16434 16434 ? cpu internal processing time 2nd "l"
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 27 m m m m pd16434 4. selecting m m m m pd16434 interface function with cpu the command/data for the m pd16434 is 8 bits long. however, serial interfacing with the cpu is made in 8-bit transfer or parallel interfacing is made in two 4-bit transfers. in addition, the m pd16434 is provided with a chip address selection function for multi-chip system configuration. whether the serial or parallel interface is used and whether or not the chip address select function is used are specified by the data on the d2 (cae) line and d1 (p, /s) line at the reset signal release timing (falling edge). figure 4C1. interface specification timing waveforms reset d2(cae) d1(p, /s) table 4C1. interface specification code d2(cae) d1(p, /s) serial/parallel specification chip address selection function 0 0 serial unprovided 1 0 provided 0/1 1 parallel 4.1 functions of shared pins the function of the /stb, /sck, d3/so, and the d0/si pins used for clock input and data input/output differ, depending on whether the serial interface or the parallel interface is specified, as indicated in table4C2. table 4C2. function of shared pins pin name serial (p, /s = 0) parallel (p, /s = 1) /stb, /sck /sck input /stb input d3/so so output d3 to d0 input/output d2(cae) C (4-bit parallel data bus) d1(p, /s) C d0/si si input
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 28 m m m m pd16434 4.2 chip address selection function in a multi-chip system configuration, the chip address selection function compares the chip address assigned to each m pd16434 (by ca0, ca1 inputs) in advance and the chip address information (2 bits) sent from the cpu in the serial or parallel data format. only the chip whose address coincides with the chip address information is seleceted (enables command/data input/output). thus, the cpu need not send two or more chip select signals (/cs). this function is unconditionally provided in the parallel interface mode. however, in the serial interface mode, this function is provided, when d2(cae) = 1 (at reset release), is specified. (1) parallel interface mode (refer to figure 3C5 and figure 3C6) after the falling edge of the /cs, the data read into d1 (corresponds to ca1) and d0 (corresponds to ca0) at the first falling edge of the /stb becomes the 2-bit chip address information. the parallel interface is equivalent to that for the m pd82c43 i/o expander. therefore, the chip address information (0 to 3) for the m pd16434 can be obtained on the d1 and d0 lines at the falling edge of the /stb by executing an output or input instruction for port 4 to port 7 of the m pd82c43, when the m pd50h is connected to the m pd16434 using the m pd82c43 interface function. (2) serial interface mode (refer to figure 3C3 and figure 3C4) after the falling edge of the /cs, the data read in to si at the rising edge of the 7th /sck (corresponds to ca1) and 8th /sck (corresponds to ca0), that is the lower 2 bits of the first 8-bit serial data, becomes the chip address information. remarks 1. when a reset is input, the chip address comparison data (data compared with ca1 and ca0) in the m pd16434 is cleared to "00". therefore, in multi-chip configuration, if the /cs is set to low immediately after the reset input is released, a chip whose ca1 and ca0 are set to "00" sets the /busy to high, informing the cpu that the chip can be accessed. if no chip address is sent, a chip whose ca1 and ca0 are "00" will be accessed. 2. the following points must be noted for a multi-chip configuration system using the parallel interface; when transferring the process from chip a, which has already been in the read mode to chip b, and again selecting chip a after that, the data pointer must be set by the data pointer load command reading data.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 29 m m m m pd16434 5. lcd drive reference voltage supply the value of the lcd drive reference voltage to the m pd16434 differs, depending on whether the number of time divisions is 8 or 16, so that the lcd drive reference voltage should be set as shown in figure 5C1 and figure 5C2. figure 5C1. 8-time-divisions figure 5C2. 16-time-divisions v dd (v lc0 )v dd v dd - v lcd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 v dd - v lcd v dd - v lcd v dd - v lcd m pd16434 v dd (v lc0 ) v dd v dd - v lcd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 v dd - v lcd v dd - v lcd v dd - v lcd m pd16434 v dd - v lcd 4 1 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 4 2 4 3 remark for both 8 and 16-time-divisions, the lcd drive voltage (l lcd ) must not exceed v dd . 5.1 supplying lcd drive reference voltage by resistor network figure 5C3 and figure 5C4 show circuit examples, which supply the lcd drive reference voltage indicated in figure 5C1 and figure 5C2 using register networks which divide the voltage level between v dd and v ss . figure 5C3. 8-time-divisions circuit example figure 5C4. 16-time-divisions circuit example v dd (v lc0 ) v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 - 6.0 v v ss r1 r1 r1 r1 r2 m pd16434 v dd (v lc0 ) v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 - 6.0 v v ss r1 r1 r1 r1 r1 r2 m pd16434 the values of r1 and r2, which divide the voltage for 8-time-divisions and 16-time-divisions, are determined by the following expressions: r1 = r2 (8-time-divisions) ) v 4(v v lcd dd lcd -
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 30 m m m m pd16434 r1 = r2 (16-time-divisions) 5.2 reduction in current consumption by reset signal if a resistor network is used to supply the lcd drive reference voltage, some current is drained by the resistor network connected across v dd and v ss when no display operation is performed, such as when the m pd16434 is in the stop mode or when it is being reset. therefore, for a system to which reducing the current draw is extremely important, the current path thorough the resistor network must be cut off by an external circuit, when no displaying is performed, to eliminate unnecessary current flow. figure 5C5 shows a circuit which cuts off the current to the resistor network during reset state (reset = high) using the the reset signal level instead of the v ss level. figure 5C5. example of controlling current path using reset signal v dd (v lc0 ) v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 reset output port m pd16434 cpu v dd remark the power to the cpu and the m pd16434 must be from the same source. ) v 5(v v lcd dd lcd -
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 31 m m m m pd16434 6. display examples figure 6C1 shows how the data memory contents and lcd display pattern are corresponded, when displaying characters "aez" in 8-time-division mode. this example is to display 3 digits of 5 7 (5 8) dot characters, and uses data memory addresses 00h to 0eh (0 to 14) and column signals c0 to c14. figure 6C2 shows the timing waveforms for displaying character "a" in columns c14 to c10 for the display example, shown in figure 6C1. figure 6C3 shows how the data memory contents and display pattern are corresponded, when displaying characters " " in 16-time-division mode. this example is to display 5 7 (5 8) dot characters in two rows, 3 digits in each row, and uses data memory addresses 00h to 0eh (0 to 14) in data memory banks 0 and 1 and column signals c0 to c14. figure 6C4 shows the timing waveforms for displaying character " " in columns c14 to c10 for display example, shown in figure 6C3. in figure 6C2 and figure 6C4, when the differential waveform levels between the row signal and column signal are v lcd and Cv lcd , the lcd dot corresponding to these signals will be lit. figure 6 C 1. 8-time-divisions 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 14131211109876543210 bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 c14 c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 c8 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2 c1 c0 r0/r8 r1/r9 r2/r10 r3/r11 r4/r12 r5/r13 r6/r14 r7/r15 bank 0/1 data memory address note m pd16434 timing strobe note display data is read out from either bank 0 or bank 1. anz 8, 5 a 8
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 32 m m m m pd16434 figure 6C2. 8-time-divisions (when displaying character a) 70123456701 v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 row 0 row 1 v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v dd v lc2 v lc4 row 7 c10, c14 v dd v lc2 v lc4 v lcd 1/4 v lcd c11, c12, c13 row 0 to c13 - 1/4 v lcd - v lcd 1 frame
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 33 m m m m pd16434 figure 6C3. 16-time-divisions 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 14131211109876543210 bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 c14 c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 c8 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2 c1 c0 r0/r8 r1/r9 r2/r10 r3/r11 r4/r12 r5/r13 r6/r14 r7/r15 data memory address m pd16434 timing strobe to r0/r8 to r7/r15 of slave chip bank 0 bank 1
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 34 m m m m pd16434 figure 6C4. 16-time-divisions (when displaying characters a and 8) v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 row 0 v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 row 1 v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 row 15 v dd v lc2 v lc3 v lc5 c10, c14 v dd v lc2 v lc3 v lc5 c11, c12, c13 v lcd 1/5 v lcd - 1/5 v lcd - v lcd row 1 to c14 01234567891011121314150 1 frame
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 35 m m m m pd16434 7. standby mode the m pd16434 offers the standby mode in order to reduce the power consumption, when displaying operation is not necessary. the standby mode is set, by executing the stop command. the standby mode is actually set, when the /busy signal is set to high after the stop command is executed. in the standby mode, the m pd16434 stops supplying the clock signal to the lcd timing control circuit and the clock control circuit by internally masking the clock signal. in addition, the m pd16434 initializes the data processing mode to the auto-increment (i 1 i 0 = 00) write mode. however, no other modes are affected by reset operation, so that the interface mode and the display mode will be retained. the standby mode is cleared when a byte of data (command or data) is input, or when the reset signal falls. however, the processing necessary during the standby mode and operation after clearing the standby mode differ, depending on which method is used. in addition, the clock signal to the m pd16434 can be stopped during the standby mode. in this case, the power consumption can be further reduced, compared to when the clock is only internally masked. 7.1 clearing standby mode (1) clearing standby mode by writing a byte of data if the previous operation modes (except the data processing mode), used before entering the standby mode, needs to be maintained, the standby mode can be cleared by writing a byte of data (command or data). in the serial interface mode, the standby mode is cleared, when writing 8 bits of serial data is completed (at the rising edge of the 8th /sck). in the parallel interface, the standby mode is cleared, when writing the second 4-bit data is completed (at the rising edge of the 2nd /stb). when the chip address selection function is used in the serial interface mode, if /cs is set to high in the standby mode, the first 8-bit data, after /cs is set to low, is used as the chip address information, when the standby mode is cleared. therefore, the standby mode is cleared, when writing the next 8-bit data is completed. remark during the standby mode, the clock necessary for driving the lcd by alternating current is stopped. therefore, the lcd drive signal level, before entering the standby mode, is maintained in the standby mode. this means that a dc voltage remains applied to the lcd in the standby mode. to avoid this, control the v lc5 pin voltage using the cpu output port, as shown in figure7C1, and output a high level from the output port, before executing the stop command, to eliminate voltage differential between the v dd and v lc5 .
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 36 m m m m pd16434 figure 7C1. controlling lcd drive voltage v dd (v lc0 ) v dd v lc1 v lc2 v lc3 v lc4 v lc5 output port m pd16434 cpu v dd remark the power fed to the cpu and the m pd16434 must be from the same source. (2) clearing standby mode by reset signal for a system for which only the contents of the data memory need be held when the standby mode is cleared, the reset signal can be used to clear the standby mode. when using the reset signal for clearing the standby mode, set the reset signal to high after the standby mode is initiated (this can be checked by determining whether the /busy is set to high), then set the reset signal to low when clearing the standby mode. while the reset signal is high, the lcd drive voltage becomes the same as when it is in the reset operation, and no voltage is applied to the lcd. however, unlike normal reset operation, the contents of the data memory will not become undefined by the reset signal. the data which existed before entering the standby mode is retained, and it can be used after clearing the standby mode. in a system which uses this method, the current path control by the reset signal shown in figure5C5 can be used. 7.2 stopping clock supply and retaining data at low voltage in standby mode in the standby mode, only the data memory contents can be retained at a reduced voltage level. in this case, the power consumption can be further reduced by stopping the clock supply to the m pd16434. when stopping the clock supply to the m pd16434 in the standby mode, check that the m pd16434 is in the standby mode (check that the /busy signal is high, after executing the stop command), set the reset signal to high, then stop the clock supply to the m pd16434 after the specified time period.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 37 m m m m pd16434 figure 7C2. clock supply stop timing waveforms in standby mode /busy /cs reset clock stop t hrc t src data can be retained at a reduced voltage standby mode
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 38 m m m m pd16434 8. reset operation the m pd16434 is initialized as follows, when a high level is input to the reset pin : the chip address compare data (compared with ca1, ca0 inputs) is initialized to 00. in a multi-chip configuration, /busy output operation will differ, depending on whether ca1 and ca0 of the chip are 00 (coinciding address) or not (non-coinciding address) (refer to figure 8C1). when ca1, ca0 = 00 : sets /busy output to low, if /cs = 0. if /cs = 1, sets /busy output to high impedance. other than 00 : sets /busy output to high impedance, regardless of /cs input. in a single chip configuration, /busy output operation is the same as that when ca1 and ca0 are 00. all processing operations (command/data processing, reading timing signal and display data to the row and column driver) are stopped. v lc3 level dc current is output from each lcd drive signal output pin (c0 to c41, r15/c42 to r8/c49, r0/r8 to r7/r15). the internal functions are set as follows (to the same conditions as when these commands are executed) : swm (i 1 i 0 = 00) : auto-increment mode ldpi (d 6 to d 0 = 0000000) : data pointer is cleared to 0 smm (m 2 to m 0 = 000) : 8-time-divisions, r0/r8 to r7/r15 pins serve as r0 to r7 pins, sync pin is set in the input mode, the data memory is set to bank 0. sff (f 2 to f 0 = 000) : frame frequency is set to f cl /2 14 . the byte transfer end counter is cleared. if the m pd16434 is in the standby mode, the standby mode is maintained. the data memory contents become undefined. when the high level input to the reset pin is returned to low, the operation becomes possible, according to the initialized contents. in addition, the next processing will be performed at the falling edge of the reset signal. the display output will be the same as when the disp off is executed. the interface specification code (serial/parallel specification, chip address selection function provided/ unprovided) is read from the d2(cae) and d1(p, /s) pins. a chip, whose ca1 and ca0 values are 0, becomes selected state.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 39 m m m m pd16434 if a reset is executed during the standby mode, the standby mode is cleared. in this case, the data memory contents are retained. figure 8C1. example of /busy output timing waveforms by reset input (a) when ca1, ca0 1 1 1 1 00 /busy /cs reset hi-z output from selected chip output from no chip output from chip whose ca1 and ca0 values are 00 output from chip, whose ca1 and ca0 values are 00 /busy /cs reset "l" output from selected chip (b) when ca1, ca0 = 00 and /cs = 0
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 40 m m m m pd16434 9. commands the m pd16434 offers the following 16 different commands, each consisting of 1 byte (8 bits) : table 9C1. list of commands mnemonic operation hexadecimal code sff set frame frequency 10 to 14 smm set multiplexing mode 18 to 1f disp off display off 08 disp on display on 09 ldpi load data pointer with immediate 80 to b1, c0 to f1 srm set read mode 60 to 63 swm set write mode 64 to 67 sorm set or mode 68 to 6b sandm set and mode 6c to 6f scml set character mode with left entry 71 scmr set character mode with right entry 72 breset bit reset 20 to 3f bset bit set 40 to 5f clcurs clear cursor 7c wrcurs write cursor 7d stop set stop mode 01 9.1 lcd display mode setting commands the following commands are provided for lcd display mode setting : sff (set frame frequency) smm (set multiplexing mode) disp off (display off) disp on (display on) (1) sff (set frame frequency) 00010f 2 f 1 f 0 this command sets the frame frequency. the frame frequency will be the clock frequency input from the clock pin divided by the frequency dividing ratio specified by f 2 to f 0 .
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 41 m m m m pd16434 f 2 f 1 f 0 frame frequency 000 f cl /2 14 001 f cl /2 13 010 f cl /2 12 011 f cl /2 11 100 f cl /2 10 101 these settings to are not allowed. 111 remark f cl : clock frequency (2) smm (set multiplexing mode) 00011m 2 m 1 m 0 this command specifies the number of time divisions, and the functions of the row driver, and the row/column driver, input/output for the sync pin, and the data memory bank. m 2 m 1 m 0 number of time divisions r0/r8 to r7/r15 r15/c42 to r8/c49 sync pin memory bank 000 0 001 input 1 010 0 011 8 r0 to r7 output 1 100 101 r8 to r15 input 110 c42 to c49 111 16 r0 to r7 r15 to r8 output 0, 1
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 42 m m m m pd16434 (3) disp off (display off) 00001000 this command sets the relationship of the row signal and column signal to non-select level, regardless of the display data, and deletes display. (4) disp on (display on) 00001001 when this command is executed, the display operation will be performed according to the display data. 9.2 data pointer load command (1) ldpi (load data pointer with immediate) 1d 6 d 5 d 4 d 3 d 2 d 1 d 0 remark d 6 to d 0 = 00h to 31h, 40h to 71h this command loads 7-bit immediate data d 6 to d 0 to the data pointer. 9.3 data processing mode setting commands the following six different commands are available as the data processing mode setting commands. srm (set read mode) swm (set write mode) sorm (set or mode) sandm (set and mode) scml (set character mode with left entry) scmr (set character mode with right entry) each of these commands sets the m pd16434 to the respective mode. afterwards, the m pd16434 processes data in the specified mode until a command to set a different processing mode is executed. the lower 2 bits (i 1 i 0 ) of these data processing mode setting commands specify the data pointer modification operation for each byte data processing. the data pointer is modified as follows:
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 43 m m m m pd16434 i 1 i 0 data pointer contents of modification 0 0 automatically incremented (+1) each time a byte of data is processed. 0 1 automatically decremented ( - 1) each time a byte of data is processed. 1 0 this setting is not allowed. 1 1 no modification (the same address is maintained) (1) srm (set read mode) 011000i 1 i 0 the data processing mode is set to the read mode by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the read mode. when this mode is set, the contents of the data memory, addressed by the current contents of the data pointer, are automatically transferred to the serial/parallel register. the data pointer is then modified according to i 1 i 0 . when all 8 bits of the serial/parallel register contents are read by the cpu, the contents of the data memory, addressed by the modified data pointer, are automatically transferred into the serial/parallel register for the next read operation. afterwards, the same operation is repeated by the cpu, each time an 8-bit data is read. (2) swm (set write mode) 011001i 1 i 0 the data processing mode is set to the write mode by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the write mode. when this mode is set, the 8-bit data written into the serial/parallel register by the cpu is stored into the data memory addressed by the current contents of the data pointer. the data pointer is then modified, according to i 1 i 0 . afterwards, the same operation is repeated, each time an 8-bit data is written by the cpu. (3) sorm (set or mode) 011010i 1 i 0 the data processing mode is set to the or mode by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the or mode. when this mode is set, the 8-bit data, written into the serial/parallel register by the cpu, is ored with the data
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 44 m m m m pd16434 memory addressed by the current contents of the data pointer, and the result will be stored into the same data memory address. the data pointer is then modified, according to i 1 i 0 . afterwards, the same operation is repeated, each time an 8-bit data is written by the cpu. (4) sandm (set and mode) 011011i 1 i 0 the data processing mode is set to the and mode by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the and mode. when this mode is set, the 8-bit data, written into the serial/parallel register by the cpu, is anded with the data memory addressed by the current contents of the data pointer, and the result will be stored into the same data memory address. the data pointer is then modified, according to i 1 i 0 . afterwards, the same operation is repeated, each time an 8-bit data is written by the cpu. (5) scml (set character mode with left entry) 01110001 the data processing mode is set to the character mode with left entry by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the character mode with left entry. when this mode is set, the 8-bit data written into the serial/parallel register by the cpu is treated as ascii or jis code and is decoded to 5 7-bit character display data by the character generator. it is written into the lower five consecutive data memory addresses from the address indicated by the current contents of the data memory. as a result, the data pointer contents are subtracted by 5 ( - 5). afterwards, the same operation is repeated, each time an 8-bit data is written by the cpu. (6) scmr (set character mode with right entry) 01110010 the data processing mode is set to the character mode with right entry by this command. afterwards, data processing will be performed in the character mode with right entry. when this mode is set, the 8-bit data written into the serial/parallel register by the cpu is treated as ascii or jis code and is decoded to 5 7-bit character display data by the character generator, and is written into the subsequent five data memory addresses from the address indicated by the current contents of the data memory. as a result, the data pointer contents are added by 5 (+5). afterwards, the same operation is repeated, each time an 8-bit data is written by the cpu.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 45 m m m m pd16434 9.4 memory bit manipulation commands the following four different memory bit manipulation commands are available: breset (bit reset) bset (bit set) clcurs (clear cursor) wrcurs (write cursor) the breset and bset commands can be executed in any data processing mode. after the bit specified by the breset/bset command in the data memory addressed by the data pointer is set/reset, the data pointer is modified according to the lower 2 bits (j 1 j 0 ) of the command byte. the clcurs or wrcurs command is used to clear or set the cursor (bit 7 position) in the character mode. after these commands are executed, the data pointer contents are added by 5 or subtracted by 5. data pointer manipulation by these memory bit manipulation commands is effective, only when these commands are executed. afterwards, the data pointer is modified according to the data processing mode that has been set. however, the data pointer contents are modified by the memory bit manipulation command. therefore, the modified value will be used as the initial value for the subsequent modification operation. the figure below shows the breset and bset command bit specifications and modification contents for the data pointer. b 2 b 1 b 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 70 data memory to j 1 j 0 data pointer contents for modification 00+1 01 - 1 1 0 this setting is not allowed 1 1 no modification (the same address is maintained)
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 46 m m m m pd16434 (1) breset (bit reset) 001b 2 b 1 b 0 j 1 j 0 this command or these commands resets (to 0) the bit specified by b 2 to b 0 of the data memory addressed by the data pointer. afterwards, the data pointer is modified according to j 1 j 0 . (2) bset (bit set) 010b 2 b 1 b 0 j 1 j 0 this command or these commands sets (to 1) the bit specified by b 2 to b 0 of the data memory addressed by the data pointer. afterwards, the data pointer is modified according to j 1 j 0 . (3) clcurs (clear cursor) 01111100 when this command is executed in the character mode, bit 7 of each data memory of the five subsequent addresses (scmr mode) or the lower five consecutive addresses (scml mode) from the address, indicated by the current contents of the data pointer, is reset (to 0). this command can be used to clear the cursor displayed for 5 7-bit configuration character. (4) wrcurs (write cursor) 01111101 when this command is executed in the character mode, bit 7 of each data memory of the five subsequent addresses (scmr mode) or the lower five consecutive addresses (scml mode) from the address, indicated by the current contents of the data pointer, is set (to 1). this command can be used to display the cursor for 5 7-bit configuration character.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 47 m m m m pd16434 9.5 standby operation setting command (1) stop (set stop mode) 00000001 this command sets the stop mode (standby mode). the data processing mode is initialized to the auto-increment (i 1 i 0 = 00) write mode. other modes are not affected by this command execution.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 48 m m m m pd16434 10. system configuration example shows a circuit example, when four m pd16434s are used in a multi-chip system configuration. figure 10C1. system configuration example (multi-chip) lcd (40 characters x 2 lines) r0 to r7 c49 to c0 ca1 ca0 d0 to d3 clock /cs reset c, /d /busy /stb sync c49 to c0 ca1 ca0 (1) c49 to c0 ca1 ca0 (2) c49 to c0 ca1 ca0 (3) r8 to r15 m pd16434 x 4 cpu d0 to d3 clock /cs reset c, /d /busy /stb (0)
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 49 m m m m pd16434 11. electrical specifications absolute maximum ratings (t a = 25 c) parameter symbol conditions ratings unit power supply voltage v dd C0.3 to +7.0 v lcd drive voltage note v lcd v dd = 5.0 v 0 to 12.5 v input voltage v i C0.3 to v dd + 0.3 v output voltage v o C0.3 to v dd + 0.3 v operating ambient temperature t a C40 to +85 c storage temperature t stg C65 to +150 c note v lcd = v dd - v lc5 caution if the absolute maximum rating of even one of the above parameters is exceeded even momentarily, the quality of the product may be degraded. absolute maximum ratings, therefore, specify the values exceeding which the product may be physically damaged. be sure to use the product within the range of the absolute maximum ratings. recommended operating range parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit power supply voltage v dd 2.7 5.5 v lcd drive voltage ( v dd = 4.5 to 5.5v) v lcd 4.5 12.0 v lcd drive voltage ( v dd = 2.7 to 4.5v) v lcd 2.5 10.5 v logic input voltage v in 0v dd v drive input voltage v lc1 to v lc4 v lc5 v dd v
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 50 m m m m pd16434 dc characteristics 1 (t a = C40 to + 85 c, v dd = 5 v 10 % % % % , v lc5 = - - - - 6.0 v 10 % % % % ) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit high level input voltage v ih1 except for /sck 0.7 v dd v dd v v ih2 /sck 0.8 v dd v dd v low level input voltage v il 0 0.3 v dd v high level input leakage current i lih v i = v dd 10 m a low level input leakage current i lil v i = 0 v - 10 m a high level output voltage v oh1 /busy, d0 to d3, i oh = - 400 m a v dd C 0.5 v v oh2 sync, i oh = - 100 m av dd C 0.5 v low level output voltage v ol1 /busy, d0 to d3, i ol = 1.7 ma 0.5 v v ol2 sync, i ol = 100 m a0.5v high level output leakage current i loh v o = v dd 10 m a low level output leakage current i lol v o = 0 v - 10 m a row output impedance r row 616k w row/column output impedance r row / col 7.5 20 k w column output impedance r col 15 30 k w supply current i dd1 operation mode, f c = 400 khz 250 600 m a i dd2 stop mode, clk = 0 v 25 m a capacitance (t a = 25 c, v dd = 0 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit input capacitance c in f = 1 mhz 10 pf output capacitance c out unmeasured pins returned to 25 pf i/o capacitance c io 0 v. 15 pf
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 51 m m m m pd16434 ac characteristics 1 (t a = C 40 c to + 85 c, v dd = + 5 v 10 % % % % ) common operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit clock operation frequency f c 100 1100 khz clock high level pulse width t whc 350 ns clock low level pulse width t wlc 350 ns reset high level width t hrs 4 m s /cs ? /busy delay time t dcsb c l = 50 pf 3 m s /cs - ? /busy float delay time t dcsbf c l = 50 pf 5 m s /cs high level width t whcs 4 m s sync load capacitance c lsy 100 pf data set time (reset )t sdr 0 m s data hold time (reset )t hrd 5 m s serial input / output operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit /sck period t cyk 0.9 m s /sck high level pulse width t whk 400 ns /sck low level pulse width t wlk 400 ns high level /sck hold time (/busy - )t hbk 0ns si set time (/sck - )t sik 120 ns si hold time (/sck - )t hki 270 ns /sck ? so delay time t dko c l = 50 pf 350 ns 8th /sck - ? /busy delay time t dkb c l = 50 pf 4 m s /busy low level time t wlb c l = 50 pf 18 64 1/f c c,/d set time (1st /sck )t sdk 0 m s c,/d hold time (8th /sck - )t hkd 3 m s /cs hold time (8th /sck - )t hkcs 5 m s
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 52 m m m m pd16434 parallel input / output operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit command input set time (/stb )t a c l = 80 pf 120 n s command input hold time (/stb )t b c l = 20 pf 110 ns data input set time (/stb - )t c c l = 80 pf 250 ns data input hold time (/stb - )t d c l = 20 pf 70 ns data output delay time t acc c l = 80 pf 750 ns data output hold time t h c l = 20 pf 0 150 ns /stb low level pulse width t sl 700 ns /stb high level time t sh 1 m s /stb hold time (/busy - )t hbs 0 m s 2nd /stb - ? /busy delay time t dsb 4 m s /busy low level time t wlb c l = 50 pf 18 64 1/f c c,/d set time (1st /stb )t sds 0 m s c,/d hold time (2nd /stb - )t hsd 3 m s /cs hold time (2nd /stb - )t hscs 3 m s
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 53 m m m m pd16434 dc characteristics 2 (unless otherwise specified, t a = C40 to + 85 c, v dd = 3 v 10 % % % % , v dd - - - - v lc5 = 9 v 10 % % % % ) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit v ih1 except for /sck 0.7 v dd v dd v high level input voltage v ih2 /sck 0.8 v dd v dd v low level input voltage v il 0 0.3 v dd v high level input leakage current i lih v i = v dd 10 m a low level input leakage current i lil v i = 0 v - 10 m a high level output voltage v oh1 /busy, d0 to d3, i oh = - 100 m av dd C 0.5 v v oh2 sync, i oh = - 100 m av dd C 0.5 v low level output voltage v ol1 /busy, d0 to d3, i ol = 500 m a0.5v v ol2 sync, i ol = 100 m a0.5v high level output leakage current i loh v o = v dd 10 m a low level output leakage current i lol v o = 0 v - 10 m a row output impedance r row 8k w row/column output impedance r row / col 10 k w column output impedance r col 20 k w i dd1 operation mode, f c = 400 khz 150 250 m a supply current i dd2 stop mode, clk = 0 v 20 m a capacitance (t a = 25 c, v dd = 0 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit input capacitance c in f = 1 mhz 10 pf output capacitance c out with pins other than that 25 pf i/o capacitance c io measured at 0 v. 15 pf
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 54 m m m m pd16434 ac characteristics 2 (unless otherwise specified, t a = C 40 c to + 85 c, v dd = + 3 v 10 % % % % ) common operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit clock operation frequency f c 20 800 khz clock high level pulse width t whc 350 ns clock low level pulse width t wlc 350 ns reset high level width t hrs 4 m s /cs ? /busy delay time t dcsb c l = 50 pf 4 m s /cs - ? /busy float delay time t dcsfb c l = 50 pf 6 m s /cs high level width t whcs 10 m s sync load capacitance c lsy 100 pf data set time (reset )t sdr 0 m s data hold time (reset )t hrd 10 m s serial input / output operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit /sck period t cyk 1 m s /sck high level pulse width t whk 450 ns /sck low level pulse width t wlk 450 ns high level /sck hold time (/busy - )t hbk 0ns si set time (/sck - )t sik 200 ns si hold time (/sck - )t hki 500 ns /sck ? so delay time t dko c l = 50 pf 400 ns 8th /sck - ? /busy delay time t dkb c l = 50 pf 5 m s /busy low level time t wlb c l = 50 pf 18 64 1/f c c, /d set time (1st /sck )t sdk 0 m s c, /d hold time (8th /sck - )t hkd 4 m s /cs hold time (8th /sck - )t hkcs 6 m s
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 55 m m m m pd16434 parallel input / output operation parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit command input set time (/stb )t a c l = 80 pf 200 n s command input hold time (/stb )t b c l = 20 pf 180 ns data input set time (/stb - )t c c l = 80 pf 450 ns data input hold time (/stb - )t d c l = 20 pf 100 ns data output delay time t acc c l = 80 pf 2000 ns data output hold time t h c l = 20 pf 0 900 ns /stb low level pulse width t sl 2000 ns /stb high level time t sh 3 m s /stb hold time (/busy - )t hbs 0 m s 2nd /stb - ? /busy delay time t dsb 5 m s /busy low level time t wlb c l = 50 pf 18 64 1/f c c, /d set time (1st /stb )t sds 0 m s c, /d hold time (2nd /stb - )t hsd 4 m s /cs hold time (2nd /stb - )t hscs 4 m s
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 56 m m m m pd16434 ac timing measurement voltages (except /stb,/sck, /busy) 0.7 v dd test points 0.3 v dd 0.7 v dd 0.3 v dd clock timing waveforms 1/f c t whc t wlc cl reset input timing waveforms t hrs reset interface specification timing waveforms t sdr t hrd reset d1,d2
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 57 m m m m pd16434 serial input / output timing waveforms si t whcs t hkcs t dcsb t sdk t hkd t dcsbf v dd - 0.5 v 0.45 v t wlb t dkb t whk t cyk t hbk 1st 2nd t wlk 8th so t sik t hki t dko serial data (msb) serial data (lsb) command/data specification /sck /busy c, /d /cs
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 58 m m m m pd16434 parallel input / output timing waveforms d0 to d3 t whcs t hscs t dcsb t sds t hsd t dcsbf t wlb t dsb t hbs 1st d0 to d3 t b t c t acc control input /stb /busy c, /d /cs data input data output 2nd t h t d t a t sh t sl
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 59 m m m m pd16434 data memory stop mode low power supply voltage data retention characteristics (t a = - - - - 40 to +85 c ) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit data retention power supply voltage v dddr 2.0 v data retention power supply current i dddr v dddr = 2.0 v 20 m a data retention high level reset input voltage v ihdr 0.9 v dddr v dddr + 0.2 v reset, clock setup time t src 10 m s reset, clock hold time t hrc 10 m s data retention timing waveforms v dd reset data retention mode t src t hrc clock 3 4 2 1 2 4 1 2 3 4 v dddr v ih1 v ihdr v il remark all inputs must be set below v dddr in the data retention mode.
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 60 m m m m pd16434 12. package drawings m m m m pd16434g-xxx-12 64 65 40 80 1 25 24 41 m 80-pin plastic qfp (14x20) note each lead centerline is located within 0.15 mm of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. item millimeters p80g-80-12-3 a 24.7 0.4 b 20.0 0.2 c 14.0 0.2 d 18.7 0.4 f 1.0 k 2.35 0.2 l 1.2 0.2 m 0.17 + 0.08 - 0.07 n 0.15 p 2.05 q 0.1 0.1 s 2.45 max. + 0.2 - 0.1 r3 + 7 - 3 detail of lead end g 0.8 h 0.37 0.08 i 0.15 j 0.8 (t.p.) s s q m l p j i g f n s a b cd h r k
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 61 m m m m pd16434 m m m m pd16434gf-xxx-3b9 80-pin plastic qfp (14x20) note each lead centerline is located within 0.15 mm of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. item millimeters a b d g 23.2 0.2 20.0 0.2 0.8 (t.p.) 0.8 j 17.2 0.2 k s80gf-80-3b9-5 c 14.0 0.2 i 0.15 1.6 0.2 l 0.8 0.2 f 1.0 n p q 0.10 2.7 0.1 0.125 0.075 r s 5 5 3.0 max. h 0.37 + 0.08 - 0.07 m 0.17 + 0.08 - 0.07 64 65 40 80 1 25 24 41 s s n j detail of lead end c d a b r k m l p i s q g f m h h h
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 62 m m m m pd16434 13. recommended soldering conditions when mounting the m pd16434 by soldering should be performed under the following recommended conditions. should other than recommended conditions be used, consult with our sales personnel. surface mount type m pd16434g-xxx-12 : 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) m pd16434gf-xxx-3b9: 80-pin plastic qfp (14 20) soldering method soldering condition symbol of recommended soldering condition infrared reflow package peak temperature : 235 c, time : 30 seconds max. (210 min.), number of times : 2 max. ir35-00-2 vps package peak temperature : 235 c, time : 40 seconds max. (200 min.), number of times : 2 max. vp-15-00-2 wave soldering solder path temperature : 260 c max., time : 10 seconds max., number of times : 1, preheating temperature : 120 c max. (package sutface) ws-60-00-1 partial heating pin temperature: 300 c max., time: 3 seconds max. (per side of device) - - - - caution do not use two or more soldering methods in combination (except the partial heating method). h h
data sheet s10299ej4v0ds00 63 m m m m pd16434 notes for cmos devices 1 precaution against esd for semiconductors note: strong electric field, when exposed to a mos device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and ultimately degrade the device operation. steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it once, when it has occurred. environmental control must be adequate. when it is dry, humidifier should be used. it is recommended to avoid using insulators that easily build static electricity. semiconductor devices must be stored and transported in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. all test and measurement tools including work bench and floor should be grounded. the operator should be grounded using wrist strap. semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. similar precautions need to be taken for pw boards with semiconductor devices on it. 2 handling of unused input pins for cmos note: no connection for cmos device inputs can be cause of malfunction. if no connection is provided to the input pins, it is possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., hence causing malfunction. cmos devices behave differently than bipolar or nmos devices. input levels of cmos devices must be fixed high or low by using a pull-up or pull-down circuitry. each unused pin should be connected to v dd or gnd with a resistor, if it is considered to have a possibility of being an output pin. all handling related to the unused pins must be judged device by device and related specifications governing the devices. 3 status before initialization of mos devices note: power-on does not necessarily define initial status of mos device. production process of mos does not define the initial operation status of the device. immediately after the power source is turned on, the devices with reset function have not yet been initialized. hence, power-on does not guarantee out-pin levels, i/o settings or contents of registers. device is not initialized until the reset signal is received. reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices having reset function.
m m m m pd16434 reference documents nec semiconductor device reliability/quality control system (c10983e) semiconductor device mounting technology manual (c10535e) the information in this document is subject to change without notice. before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. no part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of nec corporation. nec corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. nec corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use of such device. no license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of nec corporation or others. descriptions of circuits, software, and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. the incorporation of these circuits, software, and information in the design of the customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of the customer. nec corporation assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customer or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, and information. while nec corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. to minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or property arising from a defect in an nec semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. nec devices are classified into the following three quality grades: "standard", "special", and "specific". the specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a customer designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. the recommended applications of a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. customers must check the quality grade of each device before using it in a particular application. standard: computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots special: transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) specific: aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc. the quality grade of nec devices is "standard" unless otherwise specified in nec's data sheets or data books. if customers intend to use nec devices for applications other than those specified for standard quality grade, they should contact an nec sales representative in advance. m7 98. 8

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